• Pest is introduced

• Wood packaging material

• Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)
• Non-squared wood
• Squared wood
• Wood packaging material

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]			3
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]				4
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]			3
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	9
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	45

Key mitigation for pest

Provisional quarantine pest (Great Britain)

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]		2
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]				4
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]			3
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	6
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	30

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Country / Territory			Status			Notes
Europe
	United Kingdom		Absent
Asia
	China		Present
	Japan		Present
	South Korea		Present

• Insect (Hymenoptera)

Pinus

• Pinus L.
• Pinus armandii Franch.
• Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.
• Pinus massoniana Lamb.
• Pinus parviflora Sieb. & Zucc.
• Pinus tabulaeformis Carriere
• Pinus thunbergii Parl.

• Coniferous

PRA Availability

PRA not available

Provisional quarantine pest (Great Britain). Japanese bonsai derogation (Northern Ireland).

Action

Statutory action

General Comments

Wood wasp native to Japan, now also found in some other parts of Asia. It is primarily a pest of pine trees. Damage is caused by larval tunneling, as well as indirectly via the introduction of a fungal symbiont which leads to discolouration of the timber. It is not considered a primary pest in the known distribution.

Key uncertainty for pest

How susceptible UK native pine species are

Climate

Current distribution

Hosts

Impact

Pathways

Regulation

Taxonomy

UK distribution