Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs

Department
for Environment
Food & Rural Affairs

UK Risk Register Details for 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus'

Pest has been archived

This pest has been assessed for the Risk Register and is considered to pose a low risk to the UK. The information on this pest was correct as of 29/05/2020, but is no longer actively maintained. It will only be updated if new information is received which indicates the potential for a significant increase in risk to the UK.

This record was last updated on 16/11/2022

Common Names

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Greening of citrus

Scenario and Pathways

Scenario for Risk Register

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Pest is introduced

Pathway Assessed for Entry to UK

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Common Pathways

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Risk Ratings and Current Mitigations

Unmitigated Risks

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Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood [1 - 5]
Entry The Likelihood of movement of the pest into the UK on a pathway and transfer of that pest to a suitable host. See Guidance Document for more Information Entry [1 - 5]
Establishment The likelihood of the pest surviving and perpetuating in the UK for the foreseeable future after it has entered. See Guidance Document for more Information Establishment [1 - 5]
Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Spread [1 - 5]
Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact [1 - 5]
Impact - Economic The predicted economic impacts of the pest in the UK. This includes direct effects on yield, quality and possible indirect effects such as trade implications. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Economic [1 - 5]
Impact - Environmental The proportion of the environmental value of the plant which is likely to be lost through the introduction of the pest. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Environmental [1 - 5]
Impact - Social The predicted social impacts of a pest in the UK, including effects on tourism, amenities and animal and human health. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Social [1 - 5]
Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Value at Risk [1 - 5]
Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]
UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	1

Current Mitigations

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Key mitigation for pest

Regulated quarantine pest (Northern Ireland)

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

Mitigated Risks

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Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood [1 - 5]
Entry The Likelihood of movement of the pest into the UK on a pathway and transfer of that pest to a suitable host. See Guidance Document for more Information Entry [1 - 5]
Establishment The likelihood of the pest surviving and perpetuating in the UK for the foreseeable future after it has entered. See Guidance Document for more Information Establishment [1 - 5]
Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Spread [1 - 5]
Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact [1 - 5]
Impact - Economic The predicted economic impacts of the pest in the UK. This includes direct effects on yield, quality and possible indirect effects such as trade implications. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Economic [1 - 5]
Impact - Environmental The proportion of the environmental value of the plant which is likely to be lost through the introduction of the pest. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Environmental [1 - 5]
Impact - Social The predicted social impacts of a pest in the UK, including effects on tourism, amenities and animal and human health. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Social [1 - 5]
Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Value at Risk [1 - 5]
Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]
UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	1

Proposed Actions

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Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Distribution and Pest Details

Distribution

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Country / Territory		Status
Europe
	United Kingdom	Absent
Africa
	Nigeria	Present
	Burundi	Present
	Cameroon	Present
	Central African Republic	Present
	Ethiopia	Present
	Kenya	Present
	Madagascar	Present
	Malawi	Present
	Mauritius	Present
	Rwanda	Present
	Somalia	Present
	[Kingdom of] eSwatini	Present
	Tanzania	Present
	Zimbabwe	Present
	Angola	Present
	South Africa	Present
	Uganda	Present
Asia
	Saudi Arabia	Present
	Yemen	Present

Type of Pest

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Bacterium

Host or Industry at Risk

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Major Hosts

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Aegle Corr. Ex Roxb.
Afraegle (Swingle) Engler
Calodendrum Thunb.
Choisya H.B.K.
Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands
Citrus jambhiri Lushington
Citrus limettioides Tanaka
Citrus limon (Linnaeus) N.L.Burman
Citrus medica Linnaeus
Citrus paradisi Macfadyen
Citrus reticulata Blanco (S. S.)
Citrus sinensis (Linnaeus) Osbeck
Citrus x limonia Osbeck
Citrus x tangelo Ingram & Moore
Clausena Burm.F.
Fortunella Swing.
Murraya J.G.Koenig Ex L. Corr. Murr.
Pamburus Swingle
Poncirus trifoliata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque
Severinia Tenore
Triphasia Lour.
Vepris Comm. Ex Juss.
Citrus
Citroncirus

Threats to Protected Cultivation

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Forest Tree Pests and Pathogens

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Further Information

PRA

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PRA Availability

PRA not available

Regulation and EPPO listing

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Regulated quarantine pest (Northern Ireland). EPPO A1.

Actions Indicated

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Action

No statutory action in Great Britain. Statutory action in line with regulations for Northern Ireland.

General Comments

Host not widely grown in the UK, considered to be of little or no phytosanitary risk. More likely to be of concern to Citrus growing countries.

Risk Records for this Pest

'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus' [SELECTED] [ARCHIVED]

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Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs

Departmentfor EnvironmentFood & Rural Affairs

UK Risk Register Details for 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus'

Pest has been archived

Common Names

Scenario and Pathways

Scenario for Risk Register

Pathway Assessed for Entry to UK

Common Pathways

Risk Ratings and Current Mitigations

Unmitigated Risks

Current Mitigations

Key mitigation for pest

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

Mitigated Risks

Proposed Actions

Proposed Actions

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Distribution and Pest Details

Distribution

Type of Pest

Host or Industry at Risk

Major Hosts

Threats to Protected Cultivation

Forest Tree Pests and Pathogens

Further Information

PRA

PRA Availability

Regulation and EPPO listing

Actions Indicated

Action

General Comments

Risk Records for this Pest

Department
for Environment
Food & Rural Affairs