Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs

Department
for Environment
Food & Rural Affairs

UK Risk Register Details for Aphelenchoides besseyi

This record was last updated on 08/12/2022

Common Names

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Rice leaf nematode
Strawberry crimp disease nematode
White tip nematode
White tip nematode of rice

Scenario and Pathways

Scenario for Risk Register

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Pest is introduced

Pathway Assessed for Entry to UK

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Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)

Common Pathways

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Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)
Seeds
Soil/growing medium

Risk Ratings and Current Mitigations

Unmitigated Risks

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Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood [1 - 5]		3
Entry The Likelihood of movement of the pest into the UK on a pathway and transfer of that pest to a suitable host. See Guidance Document for more Information Entry [1 - 5]		3
Establishment The likelihood of the pest surviving and perpetuating in the UK for the foreseeable future after it has entered. See Guidance Document for more Information Establishment [1 - 5]			4
Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Spread [1 - 5]	1
Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact [1 - 5]		3
Impact - Economic The predicted economic impacts of the pest in the UK. This includes direct effects on yield, quality and possible indirect effects such as trade implications. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Economic [1 - 5]		3
Impact - Environmental The proportion of the environmental value of the plant which is likely to be lost through the introduction of the pest. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Environmental [1 - 5]	1
Impact - Social The predicted social impacts of a pest in the UK, including effects on tourism, amenities and animal and human health. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Social [1 - 5]	1
Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Value at Risk [1 - 5]				5
Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	9
UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	45

Current Mitigations

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Key mitigation for pest

Regulated quarantine pest (Great Britain). Regulated non quarantine pest (Northern Ireland)

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

Mitigated Risks

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Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood [1 - 5]		2
Entry The Likelihood of movement of the pest into the UK on a pathway and transfer of that pest to a suitable host. See Guidance Document for more Information Entry [1 - 5]		2
Establishment The likelihood of the pest surviving and perpetuating in the UK for the foreseeable future after it has entered. See Guidance Document for more Information Establishment [1 - 5]			3
Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Spread [1 - 5]	1
Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact [1 - 5]			3
Impact - Economic The predicted economic impacts of the pest in the UK. This includes direct effects on yield, quality and possible indirect effects such as trade implications. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Economic [1 - 5]			3
Impact - Environmental The proportion of the environmental value of the plant which is likely to be lost through the introduction of the pest. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Environmental [1 - 5]	1
Impact - Social The predicted social impacts of a pest in the UK, including effects on tourism, amenities and animal and human health. See Guidance Document for more Information Impact - Social [1 - 5]	1
Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Value at Risk [1 - 5]				5
Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	6
UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	30

Proposed Actions

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Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Distribution and Pest Details

Distribution

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Country / Territory		Status
Europe
	Russia	Present
	Romania	Present
	Ukraine	Present
	Bulgaria	Present
	Italy	Present
	Hungary	Present
	Türkiye	Present
	United Kingdom	Absent
North America
	Mexico	Present
	United States	Present
South America
	Brazil	Present
	Ecuador	Present
Oceania
	Australia	Present
	Fiji	Present
	Papua New Guinea	Present
Africa
	Benin	Present
	Burkina Faso	Present
	Burundi	Present
	Cameroon	Present
	Central African Republic	Present
	Chad	Present
	Comoros	Present
	Congo (Democratic Rep.)	Present
	Cote d'Ivoire	Present
	Egypt	Present
	Gabon	Present
	Gambia	Present
	Ghana	Present
	Guinea	Present
	Kenya	Present
	Madagascar	Present
	Malawi	Present
	Mali	Present
	Nigeria	Present
	Senegal	Present
	Sierra Leone	Present
	South Africa	Present
	Togo	Present
	Tanzania	Present
	Uganda	Present
	Zambia	Present
	Zimbabwe	Present
Asia
	Afghanistan	Present
	Georgia	Present
	Bangladesh	Present
	Cambodia	Present
	China	Present
	India	Present
	Indonesia	Present
	Iran	Present
	Japan	Present
	South Korea	Present
	Kyrgyzstan	Present
	Laos	Present
	Malaysia	Present
	Myanmar	Present
	Nepal	Present
	Philippines	Present
	Sri Lanka	Present
	Taiwan	Present
	Pakistan	Present
	Tajikistan	Present
	Thailand	Present
	Uzbekistan	Present
	Vietnam	Present
	Azerbaijan	Present
Central America
	Cuba	Present
	Dominica	Present
	Dominican Republic	Present
	El Salvador	Present
	Guadeloupe	Present
	Panama	Present

Type of Pest

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Nematode (Aphelenchida)

Host or Industry at Risk

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Fragaria

Major Hosts

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Allium cepa L.
Boehmeria nivea ssp. nivea (L.) Gaudich
Cyperus esculentus L.
Dahlia Cav.
Dendranthema (Dc.) Desmoul.
Chrysanthemum x morifolium Ramat.
Ficus elastica Roxb. Ex Hornem.
Fragaria L.
Fragaria ananassa (F. x ananassa) Duch.
Hibiscus L.
Hydrangea L.
Oryza sativa L.
Panicum L.
Pennisetum Rich. Ex Pers.
Polianthes L.
Setaria P.Beauv.
Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth
Orchidaceae (family)

Threats to Protected Cultivation

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Forest Tree Pests and Pathogens

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Further Information

PRA

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PRA Availability

UK (1996), EPPO (2003)

Regulation and EPPO listing

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Regulated quarantine pest (Great Britain). Regulated non quarantine pest (Northern Ireland). EPPO A2

Actions Indicated

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Action

Statutory action in Great Britain. Statutory action on specified hosts in Northern Ireland.

General Comments

Damaging nematode affecting rice crops and strawberry production in warmer climates. It could potentially present a threat to strawberry production and ornamental production in protected environments. But modern production practices seem to reduce likelihood of impacts. Pest is also regulated, which reduces likelihood of entry.

Risk Records for this Pest

Aphelenchoides besseyi [SELECTED]

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Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs

Departmentfor EnvironmentFood & Rural Affairs

UK Risk Register Details for Aphelenchoides besseyi

Common Names

Scenario and Pathways

Scenario for Risk Register

Pathway Assessed for Entry to UK

Common Pathways

Risk Ratings and Current Mitigations

Unmitigated Risks

Current Mitigations

Key mitigation for pest

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

Mitigated Risks

Proposed Actions

Proposed Actions

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Distribution and Pest Details

Distribution

Type of Pest

Host or Industry at Risk

Major Hosts

Threats to Protected Cultivation

Forest Tree Pests and Pathogens

Further Information

PRA

PRA Availability

Regulation and EPPO listing

Actions Indicated

Action

General Comments

Risk Records for this Pest

Department
for Environment
Food & Rural Affairs