• Pest is introduced

• Non-squared wood
• Firewood

• Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)
• Cut flowers or branches
• Non-squared wood
• Squared wood
• Wood packaging material
• Firewood

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]			3
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]			3
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]			3
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	9
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	45

Key mitigation for pest

Measures on the import of wood of some hosts

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]			3
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]			3
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]			3
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	9
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	45

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Country / Territory			Status			Notes
Europe
	United Kingdom		Absent
North America
	Canada		Present
	United States		Present

• Insect (Coleoptera)

Broadleaved trees

• Acer macrophyllum Pursh
• Acer pseudoplatanus L.
• Acer rubrum L.
• Acer saccharinum L.
• Aesculus hippocastanum L.
• Arbutus menziesii Pursh
• Ceanothus sorediatus Hook. & Arn.
• Cercocarpus montanus (H.B.K.) Raf.
• Corylus avellana Linnaeus
• Corylus cornuta var. californica Marsh.
• Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
• Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
• Ficus carica L.
• Heteromeles arbutifolia (Aiton) M.Roemer
• Juglans regia L.
• Liriodendron tulipifera L.
• Malus domestica Borkhausen
• Malus sylvestris subsp. sylvestris (Linnaeus) Miller
• Platanus orientalis L.
• Platanus racemosa Nutt.
• Populus tremuloides Michx.
• Prunus armeniaca L.
• Prunus avium ssp./var. avium L.
• Prunus cerasus L.
• Prunus domestica ssp. domestica L.
• Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt.) Walp.
• Prunus persica Batsch
• Prunus serrulata Lindl.
• Prunus subcordata Benth.
• Pyrus communis L.
• Quercus agrifolia Nee
• Frangula californica (Eschscholtz) A. Gray
• Ribes rubrum L.
• Rosa L.
• Salix lasiolepis Benth.
• Sorbus aucuparia var. edulis L.
• Ulmus americana L.
• Ulmus glabra Huds. em. Moss
• Ulmus x hollandica Miller
• Vaccinium L.
• Vaccinium corymbosum L.
• Fagus sylvatica L.
• Acer negundo
• Pickeringia montana Torrey & A. Gray
• Prunus pendula Maximowicz

• N/A

• Broadleaved

PRA Availability

EPPO (2021)

EPPO A1

Action

Statutory action against interceptions and outbreaks in Great Britain

General Comments

North American beetle pest of fruit trees and many other woody hosts. Most damage has been reported on younger, recently planted, trees especially in orchard settings. There is some uncertainty over whether the cooler, wetter summers in the UK will be suitable for high levels of damage.

Key uncertainty for pest

Whether specific climatic factors such as dry summers increase impacts

Climate

Current distribution

Hosts

Impact

Pathways

Regulation

Taxonomy

UK distribution