• Pest is introduced

• Cut flowers or branches

• Cut flowers or branches

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]	1
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]					5
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]	1
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]	1
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	1
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	1

Key mitigation for pest

Regulated quarantine pest (Northern Ireland)

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]	1
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]					5
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]	1
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]	1
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	1
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	1

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Country / Territory			Status			Notes
Europe
	United Kingdom		Absent
North America
	Mexico		Present
	United States		Present

• Insect (Diptera)

Helianthus spp.

• Geraea Torr. & Gray
• Helianthus L.
• Helianthus annuus L.
• Helianthus ciliaris De Candolle

• N/A

• N/A

PRA Availability

PRA not available

Regulated quarantine pest (Northern Ireland)

Action

Statutory action in Northern Ireland. No statutory action in Great Britain.

General Comments

Fruit fly pest native to North America, which feeds in the flowerheads of sunflower and related species. However, no impacts have been recorded from its native range, and it is considered to pose little phytosanitary risk to the UK.

Key uncertainty for pest

Whether the UK climate is suitable for this pest to establish

Climate

Current distribution

Hosts

Impact

Pathways

Regulation

Taxonomy

UK distribution