• Pest is introduced

• Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)
• Non-squared wood

• Plants for planting (except seeds bulbs and tubers)
• Non-squared wood
• Bark
• Wood packaging material

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]		2
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]	1
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]				4
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	8
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	40

Key mitigation for pest

Regulated quarantine pest.

Regulation

Surveillance

Industry Scheme

Contingency Plan

Awareness

Research

× Likelihood For "Pest is Introduced" the lowest value of Entry or Establishment, as both are required for a successful introduction. For "Pest Spreads to Maximum Extent" this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood [1 - 5]		2
× Spread The rate at which a pest can expand, by natural dispersal only, within an area. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Spread [1 - 5]	1
× Impact The highest value from economic, environmental or social impacts. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Impact [1 - 5]				4
× Value at Risk The value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the UK. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Value at Risk [1 - 5]					5
× Likelihood x Impact The likelihood multiplied by the impact, which shows the risk to the sector. See Guidance Document for more Information Close Likelihood x Impact [1 - 25]	8
× UK Relative Risk Rating Likelihood x Impact x Value at Risk. See Guidance Document for more Information Close UK Relative Risk Rating [1 - 125]	40

Regulation

Deregulation

Management By Industry

Targeted Survey

PRA

Contingency Plan

Publicity

Research

Country / Territory			Status			Notes
Europe
	Russia		Present (Limited)
	Türkiye		Present
	United Kingdom		Absent
North America
	Canada		Present (Limited)
	United States		Present
Asia
	China		Present (Limited)
	Japan		Present

• Fungus

Forestry

• Abies amabilis (Dougl. Ex Lood) Dougl. Ex Forbes
• Abies concolor var. concolor (Gord. & Glend.)Lindl. Ex Hild.
• Abies grandis (D.Don) Lindl.
• Abies lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
• Abies magnifica A.Murr.
• Abies procera Rehder
• Larix occidentalis Nutt.
• Picea engelmannii Parry Ex Engelm.
• Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.
• Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirbel) Franco
• Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) J. Buchholz
• Taxus brevifolia Nutt.
• Tsuga heterophylla (Rafin.) Sarg.
• Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.

• N/A

• Coniferous

PRA Availability

PRA not available

Regulated quarantine pest.

Action

Statutory action against findings.

General Comments

Regulated fungal pathogen of conifers with Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and grand fir (Abies grandis), both grown in the UK for forestry purposes, being particularly susceptible. Regulation helps to mitigate risk of introduction, but should be reviewed to consider the need for specific import requirements for conifer wood.

Key uncertainty for pest

Rapid addition of pest through a workshop.

Climate

Current distribution

Hosts

Impact

Pathways

Regulation

Taxonomy

UK distribution